Anti Consulsants

Overview Service

Phenytoin is an antiepileptic (anti-seizure) drug, also classified as a hydantoin derivative. It is primarily used to prevent and control seizures. It stabilizes neuronal membranes and reduces seizure activity by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses.

  • Contains Phenytoin Sodium 100 mg per tablet
  • BP grade – conforms to British Pharmacopoeia standards
  • Pack of 10x10 Tablets (100 tablets)
  • Oral route of administration
  • Designed for long-term seizure control

Uses / Indications

  • Management of tonic-clonic (grand mal) and complex partial seizures
  • Prevention and treatment of seizures during/after neurosurgery
  • Treatment of status epilepticus (intravenous form preferred)
  • Occasionally used for trigeminal neuralgia (when carbamazepine is not tolerated)

Dosage & Administration

  • Initial dose: 100 mg 3 times daily
  • Maintenance: 300–400 mg/day, in divided doses
  • Maximum dose: up to 600 mg/day in some cases
  • 5 mg/kg/day, divided into 2–3 doses
  • Maintenance: 4–8 mg/kg/day

Precautions

  • Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is required – narrow therapeutic index
  • Use with caution in patients with liver disease
  • May cause gingival hyperplasia – maintain good oral hygiene
  • Risk of hypersensitivity syndrome – watch for skin rash or fever
  • May cause CNS effects: dizziness, ataxia, drowsiness
  • Avoid abrupt discontinuation to prevent seizure recurrence

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